| Common Name: | ZEREX G-48 FORMULA ANTIFREEZE COOLANT |
| Manufacturer: | VALVOLINE |
| SDS Revision Date: | 3/29/2019 |
| SDS Format: | GHS-US |
| Item Number(s): | 60KT46 |
| Manufacturer Model Number(s): |
SDS Table of Contents
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V(TM)
VALVOLINE(TM)
SAFETY DATA SHEET
ZEREX(TM) G-48(R*) FORMULA ANTIFREEZE COOLANT
(TM) TRADEMARK, VALVOLINE OR ITS SUBSIDIARIES, REGISTERED IN VARIOUS
COUNTRIES
861583
REVISION DATE: 03/29/2019
PRINT DATE: 9/14/2020
SDS NUMBER: R0296767
VERSION: 1.7
29 CFR 1910.1200 (OSHA HAZCOM 2012)
| SECTION 1. PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION |  |
PRODUCT IDENTIFIER:
TRADE NAME: ZEREX(TM) G-48(R*) FORMULA ANTIFREEZE COOLANT
(TM) TRADEMARK, VALVOLINE OR ITS SUBSIDIARIES, REGISTERED IN VARIOUS
COUNTRIES
RELEVANT IDENTIFIED USES OF THE SUBSTANCE OR MIXTURE AND USES ADVISED
AGAINST:
RECOMMENDED USE: COOLANT AND ANTIFREEZE.
DETAILS OF THE SUPPLIER OF THE SAFETY DATA SHEET:
VALVOLINE LLC
100 VALVOLINE WAY
LEXINGTON, KY 40509
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (USA)
1-800-TEAMVAL (1-800-832-6825)
SDS@VALVOLINE.COM
EMERGENCY TELEPHONE NUMBER: 1-800-VALVOLINE (1-800-825-8654)
REGULATORY INFORMATION NUMBER: 1-800-TEAMVAL (1-800-832-6825)
PRODUCT INFORMATION: 1-800-TEAMVAL (1-800-832-6825)
| SECTION 2. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION | |
GHS CLASSIFICATION:
ACUTE TOXICITY (ORAL): CATEGORY 4
REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY: CATEGORY 1B
SPECIFIC TARGET ORGAN SYSTEMIC TOXICITY - REPEATED EXPOSURE (ORAL):
CATEGORY 2 (KIDNEY, LIVER)
GHS LABEL ELEMENTS:
HAZARD PICTOGRAMS:
HEALTH HAZARD
EXCLAMATION MARK
SIGNAL WORD: DANGER
HAZARD STATEMENTS:
HARMFUL IF SWALLOWED.
MAY DAMAGE FERTILITY OR THE UNBORN CHILD.
MAY CAUSE DAMAGE TO ORGANS (KIDNEY, LIVER) THROUGH PROLONGED OR
REPEATED EXPOSURE IF SWALLOWED.
PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS:
PREVENTION: OBTAIN SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS BEFORE USE.
DO NOT HANDLE UNTIL ALL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS HAVE BEEN READ AND UNDERSTOOD.
DO NOT BREATHE DUST/ FUME/ GAS/ MIST/ VAPORS/ SPRAY.
WASH SKIN THOROUGHLY AFTER HANDLING.
DO NOT EAT, DRINK OR SMOKE WHEN USING THIS PRODUCT.
WEAR PROTECTIVE GLOVES/ PROTECTIVE CLOTHING/ EYE PROTECTION/
FACE PROTECTION.
RESPONSE:
IF SWALLOWED: CALL A POISON CENTER/DOCTOR IF YOU FEEL UNWELL. RINSE MOUTH.
IF EXPOSED OR CONCERNED: GET MEDICAL ADVICE/ ATTENTION.
STORAGE: STORE LOCKED UP.
DISPOSAL:
DISPOSE OF CONTENTS/ CONTAINER TO AN APPROVED WASTE DISPOSAL PLANT.
OTHER HAZARDS: NONE KNOWN.
| SECTION 3. COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS | |
SUBSTANCE / MIXTURE: MIXTURE
HAZARDOUS COMPONENTS:
CHEMICAL NAME CAS-NO. CLASSIFICATION CONCENTRATION (%)
ETHYLENE GLYCOL 107-21-1 ACUTE TOX. 4; H302 >=90.00 - <= 100.00
STOT RE 2; H373
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL 111-46-6 ACUTE TOX. 4; H302 >=1.50 - < 5.00
STOT RE 2; H373
2-ETHYLHEXANOIC 19766-89-3 REPR. 2; H361 >=1.50 - < 5.00
ACID, SODIUM SALT
DISODIUM TETRABORATE 1330-43-4 REPR. 1B; H360 >=0.50 - < 1.00
| SECTION 4. FIRST AID MEASURES | |
GENERAL ADVICE:
MOVE OUT OF DANGEROUS AREA.
SHOW THIS SAFETY DATA SHEET TO THE DOCTOR IN ATTENDANCE.
DO NOT LEAVE THE VICTIM UNATTENDED.
IF INHALED:
IF UNCONSCIOUS, PLACE IN RECOVERY POSITION AND SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE.
IF SYMPTOMS PERSIST, CALL A PHYSICIAN.
IN CASE OF SKIN CONTACT:
FIRST AID IS NOT NORMALLY REQUIRED. HOWEVER, IT IS RECOMMENDED THAT
EXPOSED AREAS BE CLEANED BY WASHING WITH SOAP AND WATER.
IN CASE OF EYE CONTACT:
FLUSH EYES WITH WATER AS A PRECAUTION.
REMOVE CONTACT LENSES.
PROTECT UNHARMED EYE.
IF EYE IRRITATION PERSISTS, CONSULT A SPECIALIST.
IF SWALLOWED:
OBTAIN MEDICAL ATTENTION.
RINSE MOUTH WITH WATER.
DO NOT GIVE MILK OR ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES.
NEVER GIVE ANYTHING BY MOUTH TO AN UNCONSCIOUS PERSON.
IF SYMPTOMS PERSIST, CALL A PHYSICIAN.
MOST IMPORTANT SYMPTOMS AND EFFECTS, BOTH ACUTE AND DELAYED:
EFFECTS OF ACUTE ETHYLENE GLYCOL POISONING APPEAR IN THREE FAIRLY DISTINCT
STAGES. THE INITIAL STAGE OCCURS SHORTLY AFTER EXPOSURE, LASTS 6-12 HOURS,
AND IS CHARACTERIZED BY CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM EFFECTS (TRANSIENT
EXHILARATION, NAUSEA, VOMITING, AND IN SEVERE CASES, COMA, CONVULSIONS,
AND POSSIBLE DEATH). THE SECOND STAGE LASTS FROM 12-36 HOURS AFTER
EXPOSURE AND IS INITIATED BY THE ONSET OF COMA. THIS PHASE IS
CHARACTERIZED BY TACHYPNIA, TACHYCARDIA, MILD HYPOTENSION, CYANOSIS, AND
IN SEVERE CASES, PULMONARY EDEMA, BRONCHOPNEUMONIA, CARDIAC ENLARGEMENT,
AND CONGESTIVE FAILURE. THE FINAL STAGE OCCURS 24-72 POST-EXPOSURE AND IS
CHARACTERIZED BY RENAL FAILURE, RANGING FROM A MILD INCREASE IN BLOOD UREA
NITROGEN AND CREATININE FOLLOWED BY RECOVERY, TO COMPLETE ANURIA WITH
ACUTE TUBULAR NECROSIS THAT CAN LEAD TO DEATH. OXALURIA IS FOUND IN MOST
CASES. THE MOST SIGNIFICANT LABORATORY FINDING IN ETHYLENE GLYCOL
INTOXICATION IS SEVERE METABOLIC ACIDOSIS.
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF EXPOSURE TO THIS MATERIAL THROUGH BREATHING,
SWALLOWING, AND/OR PASSAGE OF THE MATERIAL THROUGH THE SKIN MAY INCLUDE:
STOMACH OR INTESTINAL UPSET (NAUSEA, VOMITING, DIARRHEA) IRRITATION (NOSE,
THROAT, AIRWAYS)
COUGH
PAIN IN THE ABDOMEN AND LOWER BACK
CYANOSIS (CAUSES BLUE COLORING OF THE SKIN AND NAILS FROM LACK OF OXYGEN)
LUNG EDEMA (FLUID BUILDUP IN THE LUNG TISSUE)
ACUTE KIDNEY FAILURE (SUDDEN SLOWING OR STOPPING OF URINE PRODUCTION)
CONVULSIONS
HARMFUL IF SWALLOWED.
MAY DAMAGE FERTILITY OR THE UNBORN CHILD.
MAY CAUSE DAMAGE TO ORGANS THROUGH PROLONGED OR REPEATED EXPOSURE IF
SWALLOWED.
NOTES TO PHYSICIAN:
THIS PRODUCT CONTAINS ETHYLENE GLYCOL. ETHANOL DECREASES THE METABOLISM
OF ETHYLENE GLYCOL TO TOXIC METABOLITES. ETHANOL SHOULD BE ADMINISTERED
AS SOON AS POSSIBLE IN CASES OF SEVERE POISONING SINCE THE ELIMINATION
HALF-LIFE OF ETHYLENE GLYCOL IS 3 HOURS. IF MEDICAL CARE WILL BE DELAYED
SEVERAL HOURS, GIVE THE PATIENT THREE TO FOUR 1-OUNCE ORAL "SHOTS" OF
86-PROOF OR HIGHER WHISKEY BEFORE OR DURING TRANSPORT TO THE HOSPITAL.
FOMEPIZOLE (4-METHYLPYRAZOLE) IS AN EFFECTIVE ANTAGONIST OF ALCOHOL
DEHYDROGENASE, AND AS SUCH, MAY BE USED AS AN ANTIDOTE IN THE TREATMENT
OF ETHYLENE GLYCOL POISONING. HEMODIALYSIS EFFECTIVELY REMOVES ETHYLENE
GLYCOL AND ITS METABOLITES FROM THE BODY.
| SECTION 5. FIREFIGHTING MEASURES | |
SUITABLE EXTINGUISHING MEDIA:
USE EXTINGUISHING MEASURES THAT ARE APPROPRIATE TO LOCAL CIRCUMSTANCES
AND THE SURROUNDING ENVIRONMENT.
WATER SPRAY
FOAM
CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2)
DRY CHEMICAL
UNSUITABLE EXTINGUISHING MEDIA: HIGH VOLUME WATER JET
SPECIFIC HAZARDS DURING FIREFIGHTING:
DO NOT ALLOW RUN-OFF FROM FIRE FIGHTING TO ENTER DRAINS OR WATER COURSES.
HAZARDOUS COMBUSTION PRODUCTS:
ALCOHOLS
ALDEHYDES
CARBON DIOXIDE AND CARBON MONOXIDE
ETHERS
TOXIC FUMES
HYDROCARBONS
SODIUM OXIDES
SPECIFIC EXTINGUISHING METHODS:
PRODUCT IS COMPATIBLE WITH STANDARD FIRE-FIGHTING AGENTS.
FURTHER INFORMATION:
FIRE RESIDUES AND CONTAMINATED FIRE EXTINGUISHING WATER MUST BE
DISPOSED OF IN ACCORDANCE WITH LOCAL REGULATIONS.
SPECIAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT FOR FIREFIGHTERS:
IN THE EVENT OF FIRE, WEAR SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS.
| SECTION 6. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES | |
PERSONAL PRECAUTIONS, PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT AND EMERGENCY PROCEDURES:
USE PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT.
ENSURE ADEQUATE VENTILATION.
PERSONS NOT WEARING PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT SHOULD BE EXCLUDED FROM AREA OF
SPILL UNTIL CLEAN-UP HAS BEEN COMPLETED.
ENVIRONMENTAL PRECAUTIONS:
PREVENT PRODUCT FROM ENTERING DRAINS.
PREVENT FURTHER LEAKAGE OR SPILLAGE IF SAFE TO DO SO.
IF THE PRODUCT CONTAMINATES RIVERS AND LAKES OR DRAINS INFORM RESPECTIVE
AUTHORITIES.
METHODS AND MATERIALS FOR CONTAINMENT AND CLEANING UP:
SOAK UP WITH INERT ABSORBENT MATERIAL (E.G. SAND, SILICA GEL, ACID BINDER,
UNIVERSAL BINDER, SAWDUST).
KEEP IN SUITABLE, CLOSED CONTAINERS FOR DISPOSAL.
OTHER INFORMATION:
COMPLY WITH ALL APPLICABLE FEDERAL, STATE, AND LOCAL REGULATIONS.
| SECTION 7. HANDLING AND STORAGE | |
ADVICE ON SAFE HANDLING:
DO NOT BREATHE VAPOURS/DUST.
DO NOT SMOKE.
CONTAINER HAZARDOUS WHEN EMPTY.
AVOID EXPOSURE - OBTAIN SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS BEFORE USE.
AVOID CONTACT WITH SKIN AND EYES.
SMOKING, EATING AND DRINKING SHOULD BE PROHIBITED IN THE APPLICATION AREA.
FOR PERSONAL PROTECTION SEE SECTION 8.
DISPOSE OF RINSE WATER IN ACCORDANCE WITH LOCAL AND NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
CONDITIONS FOR SAFE STORAGE:
KEEP CONTAINER TIGHTLY CLOSED IN A DRY AND WELL-VENTILATED PLACE.
OBSERVE LABEL PRECAUTIONS.
| SECTION 8. EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION | |
COMPONENTS WITH WORKPLACE CONTROL PARAMETERS:
COMPONENTS CAS-NO. VALUE TYPE CONTROL BASIS
(FORM OF PARAMETERS /
EXPOSURE) PERMISSIBLE
CONCENTRATION
ETHYLENE GLYCOL 107-21-1 C 50 PPM OSHA P0
125 MG/M3
C 40 PPM CAL PEL
100 MG/M3
VAPOUR
TWA 25 PPM ACGIH
VAPOUR
STEL 50 PPM ACGIH
VAPOUR
STEL 10 MG/M3 ACGIH
INHALABLE
FRACTION,
AEROSOL ONLY
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL 111-46-6 TWA 10 MG/M3 US WEEL
DISODIUM TETRABORATE 1330-43-4 TWA 1 MG/M3 NIOSH REL
PEL 5 MG/M3 CAL PEL
TWA 10 MG/M3 OSHA P0
TWA 2 MG/M3 ACGIH
INHALABLE
FRACTION
(BORATE)
STEL 6 MG/M3 ACGIH
INHALABLE
FRACTION
(BORATE)
ENGINEERING MEASURES:
PROVIDE SUFFICIENT MECHANICAL (GENERAL AND/OR LOCAL EXHAUST) VENTILATION
TO MAINTAIN EXPOSURE BELOW EXPOSURE GUIDELINES (IF APPLICABLE) OR BELOW
LEVELS THAT CAUSE KNOWN, SUSPECTED OR APPARENT ADVERSE EFFECTS.
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT:
RESPIRATORY PROTECTION:
IN THE CASE OF VAPOUR FORMATION USE A RESPIRATOR WITH AN APPROVED FILTER.
A NIOSH-APPROVED AIR-PURIFYING RESPIRATOR WITH AN APPROPRIATE CARTRIDGE
AND/OR FILTER MAY BE PERMISSIBLE UNDER CERTAIN CIRCUMSTANCES WHERE
AIRBORNE CONCENTRATIONS ARE EXPECTED TO EXCEED EXPOSURE LIMITS (IF
APPLICABLE) OR IF OVEREXPOSURE HAS OTHERWISE BEEN DETERMINED. PROTECTION
PROVIDED BY AIR-PURIFYING RESPIRATORS IS LIMITED. USE A POSITIVE PRESSURE,
AIR-SUPPLIED RESPIRATOR IF THERE IS ANY POTENTIAL FOR UNCONTROLLED
RELEASE, EXPOSURE LEVELS ARE NOT KNOWN OR ANY OTHER CIRCUMSTANCES WHERE
AN AIR-PURIFYING RESPIRATOR MAY NOT PROVIDE ADEQUATE PROTECTION.
HAND PROTECTION:
REMARKS:
THE SUITABILITY FOR A SPECIFIC WORKPLACE SHOULD BE DISCUSSED WITH THE
PRODUCERS OF THE PROTECTIVE GLOVES.
EYE PROTECTION:
NOT REQUIRED UNDER NORMAL CONDITIONS OF USE. WEAR SPLASH-PROOF SAFETY
GOGGLES IF MATERIAL COULD BE MISTED OR SPLASHED INTO EYES.
SKIN AND BODY PROTECTION:
WEAR AS APPROPRIATE:
IMPERVIOUS CLOTHING
SAFETY SHOES
CHOOSE BODY PROTECTION ACCORDING TO THE AMOUNT AND CONCENTRATION OF THE
DANGEROUS SUBSTANCE AT THE WORK PLACE.
WEAR RESISTANT GLOVES (CONSULT YOUR SAFETY EQUIPMENT SUPPLIER).
HYGIENE MEASURES:
WASH HANDS BEFORE BREAKS AND AT THE END OF WORKDAY.
WHEN USING DO NOT EAT OR DRINK.
WHEN USING DO NOT SMOKE.
| SECTION 9. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES | |
APPEARANCE: LIQUID
COLOUR: BLUE
ODOUR: MILD
ODOUR THRESHOLD: NO DATA AVAILABLE
PH: CA. 7.2
MELTING POINT/FREEZING POINT: NO DATA AVAILABLE
FLASH POINT: >250 DEG. F / >121 DEG. C
EVAPORATION RATE: NO DATA AVAILABLE
FLAMMABILITY (SOLID, GAS): NO DATA AVAILABLE
SELF-IGNITION: NO DATA AVAILABLE
RELATIVE VAPOUR DENSITY: NO DATA AVAILABLE
RELATIVE DENSITY: NO DATA AVAILABLE
DENSITY: 1.1265 G/CM3 (60.1 DEG. F / 15.6 DEG. C)
SOLUBILITY(IES):
WATER SOLUBILITY: NO DATA AVAILABLE
SOLUBILITY IN OTHER SOLVENTS: NO DATA AVAILABLE
PARTITION COEFFICIENT N-OCTANOL/WATER: NO DATA AVAILABLE
DECOMPOSITION TEMPERATURE: NO DATA AVAILABLE
VISCOSITY:
VISCOSITY, DYNAMIC: NO DATA AVAILABLE
VISCOSITY, KINEMATIC: NO DATA AVAILABLE
OXIDIZING PROPERTIES: NO DATA AVAILABLE
| SECTION 10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY | |
REACTIVITY: NO DECOMPOSITION IF STORED AND APPLIED AS DIRECTED.
CHEMICAL STABILITY: STABLE UNDER RECOMMENDED STORAGE CONDITIONS.
POSSIBILITY OF HAZARDOUS REACTIONS:
PRODUCT WILL NOT UNDERGO HAZARDOUS POLYMERIZATION.
CONDITIONS TO AVOID: EXCESSIVE HEAT
INCOMPATIBLE MATERIALS:
ACIDS
ALDEHYDES
ALKALI METALS
ALKALINE EARTH METALS
BASES
STRONG ALKALIS
STRONG OXIDIZING AGENTS
SULPHUR COMPOUNDS
HAZARDOUS DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS:
ALCOHOLS
ALDEHYDES
CARBON DIOXIDE AND CARBON MONOXIDE
ETHERS
HYDROCARBONS
ORGANIC ACIDS
KETONES
VARIOUS HYDROCARBONS
| SECTION 11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION | |
INFORMATION ON LIKELY ROUTES OF EXPOSURE:
INHALATION
SKIN CONTACT
EYE CONTACT
INGESTION
ACUTE TOXICITY: HARMFUL IF SWALLOWED.
PRODUCT:
ACUTE ORAL TOXICITY:
REMARKS:
INGESTION OF MEDICATIONS CONTAMINATED WITH DIETHYLENE GLYCOL HAS CAUSED
KIDNEY FAILURE AND DEATH IN HUMANS. PRODUCTS CONTAINING DIETHYLENE GLYCOL
SHOULD BE CONSIDERED TOXIC BY INGESTION.
ACUTE TOXICITY ESTIMATE: 520.03 MG/KG
METHOD: CALCULATION METHOD
ACUTE DERMAL TOXICITY:
REMARKS:
SKIN ABSORPTION OF THIS MATERIAL (OR A COMPONENT) MAY BE INCREASED THROUGH
INJURED SKIN.
COMPONENTS:
ETHYLENE GLYCOL:
ACUTE ORAL TOXICITY:
LD0 (HUMAN): ESTIMATED 1.56 G/KG
ASSESSMENT:
THE COMPONENT/MIXTURE IS CLASSIFIED AS ACUTE ORAL TOXICITY, CATEGORY 4.
ACUTE INHALATION TOXICITY:
LC50 (RAT): 10.9 MG/L
EXPOSURE TIME: 1 H
TEST ATMOSPHERE: DUST/MIST
ASSESSMENT:
NO ADVERSE EFFECT HAS BEEN OBSERVED IN ACUTE INHALATION TOXICITY TESTS.
ACUTE DERMAL TOXICITY:
LD50 (RABBIT): 9,530 MG/KG
ACUTE TOXICITY (OTHER ROUTES OF ADMINISTRATION):
LD50 (RAT): 5,010 MG/KG
APPLICATION ROUTE: INTRAPERITONEAL
LD50 (RAT): 3,260 MG/KG
APPLICATION ROUTE: INTRAVENOUS
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL:
ACUTE ORAL TOXICITY:
LD50 (HUMAN): EXPECTED 1,120 MG/KG
TARGET ORGANS: KIDNEY
ACUTE INHALATION TOXICITY:
LC50 (RAT): >4.6 MG/L
EXPOSURE TIME: 4 H
TEST ATMOSPHERE: DUST/MIST
ASSESSMENT:
NO ADVERSE EFFECT HAS BEEN OBSERVED IN ACUTE INHALATION TOXICITY TESTS.
ACUTE DERMAL TOXICITY:
LD50 (RABBIT): 13,300 MG/KG
2-ETHYLHEXANOIC ACID, SODIUM SALT:
ACUTE ORAL TOXICITY:
LD50 (RAT): 2,043 MG/KG
REMARKS:
INFORMATION GIVEN IS BASED ON DATA OBTAINED FROM SIMILAR SUBSTANCES.
ACUTE INHALATION TOXICITY:
ASSESSMENT:
NOT CLASSIFIED AS ACUTELY TOXIC BY INHALATION UNDER GHS.
REMARKS:
INFORMATION GIVEN IS BASED ON DATA OBTAINED FROM SIMILAR SUBSTANCES.
ACUTE DERMAL TOXICITY:
LD50 (RAT): >2,000 MG/KG
ASSESSMENT:
NOT CLASSIFIED AS ACUTELY TOXIC BY DERMAL ABSORPTION UNDER GHS.
REMARKS:
INFORMATION GIVEN IS BASED ON DATA OBTAINED FROM SIMILAR SUBSTANCES.
DISODIUM TETRABORATE:
ACUTE INHALATION TOXICITY:
LC50 (RAT): >2.03 MG/L
EXPOSURE TIME: 4 H
TEST ATMOSPHERE: DUST/MIST
METHOD: OECD TEST GUIDELINE 403
ASSESSMENT:
NO ADVERSE EFFECT HAS BEEN OBSERVED IN ACUTE INHALATION TOXICITY TESTS.
ACUTE DERMAL TOXICITY:
LD50 (RABBIT): >2,000 MG/KG
ASSESSMENT:
NO ADVERSE EFFECT HAS BEEN OBSERVED IN ACUTE DERMAL TOXICITY TESTS.
SKIN CORROSION/IRRITATION: NOT CLASSIFIED BASED ON AVAILABLE INFORMATION.
COMPONENTS:
ETHYLENE GLYCOL:
SPECIES: RABBIT
RESULT: NO SKIN IRRITATION
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL:
SPECIES: HUMAN
RESULT: SLIGHT, TRANSIENT IRRITATION
2-ETHYLHEXANOIC ACID, SODIUM SALT:
SPECIES: RABBIT
RESULT: SLIGHT, TRANSIENT IRRITATION
REMARKS:
INFORMATION GIVEN IS BASED ON DATA OBTAINED FROM SIMILAR SUBSTANCES.
DISODIUM TETRABORATE:
SPECIES: RABBIT
RESULT: NO SKIN IRRITATION
SERIOUS EYE DAMAGE/EYE IRRITATION:
NOT CLASSIFIED BASED ON AVAILABLE INFORMATION.
PRODUCT:
REMARKS: UNLIKELY TO CAUSE EYE IRRITATION OR INJURY.
COMPONENTS:
ETHYLENE GLYCOL:
RESULT: SLIGHT, TRANSIENT IRRITATION
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL:
SPECIES: RABBIT
RESULT: SLIGHT, TRANSIENT IRRITATION
2-ETHYLHEXANOIC ACID, SODIUM SALT:
SPECIES: RABBIT
RESULT: SLIGHT, TRANSIENT IRRITATION
REMARKS:
INFORMATION GIVEN IS BASED ON DATA OBTAINED FROM SIMILAR SUBSTANCES.
DISODIUM TETRABORATE:
RESULT: SLIGHT, TRANSIENT IRRITATION
RESPIRATORY OR SKIN SENSITISATION:
SKIN SENSITISATION: NOT CLASSIFIED BASED ON AVAILABLE INFORMATION.
RESPIRATORY SENSITISATION: NOT CLASSIFIED BASED ON AVAILABLE INFORMATION.
COMPONENTS:
ETHYLENE GLYCOL:
TEST TYPE: MAXIMISATION TEST
SPECIES: GUINEA PIG
ASSESSMENT: DOES NOT CAUSE SKIN SENSITISATION.
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL:
TEST TYPE: MAXIMISATION TEST
SPECIES: GUINEA PIG
METHOD: DIRECTIVE 67/548/EEC, ANNEX V, B.6.
RESULT: DID NOT CAUSE SENSITISATION ON LABORATORY ANIMALS.
2-ETHYLHEXANOIC ACID, SODIUM SALT:
TEST TYPE: MAXIMISATION TEST
SPECIES: GUINEA PIG
ASSESSMENT: DOES NOT CAUSE SKIN SENSITISATION.
METHOD: OECD TEST GUIDELINE 406
RESULT: DOES NOT CAUSE SKIN SENSITISATION.
REMARKS:
INFORMATION GIVEN IS BASED ON DATA OBTAINED FROM SIMILAR SUBSTANCES.
DISODIUM TETRABORATE:
TEST TYPE: BUEHLER TEST
SPECIES: GUINEA PIG
ASSESSMENT: DOES NOT CAUSE SKIN SENSITISATION.
METHOD: OECD TEST GUIDELINE 406
GERM CELL MUTAGENICITY: NOT CLASSIFIED BASED ON AVAILABLE INFORMATION.
COMPONENTS:
ETHYLENE GLYCOL:
GENOTOXICITY IN VITRO:
TEST TYPE: AMES TEST
TEST SYSTEM: SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM
METABOLIC ACTIVATION: WITH AND WITHOUT METABOLIC ACTIVATION
RESULT: NEGATIVE
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL:
GENOTOXICITY IN VITRO:
TEST TYPE: AMES TEST
METABOLIC ACTIVATION: WITH AND WITHOUT METABOLIC ACTIVATION
METHOD: OECD TEST GUIDELINE 471
RESULT: NEGATIVE
GLP: YES
TEST SYSTEM: CHINESE HAMSTER OVARY CELLS
METABOLIC ACTIVATION: WITH AND WITHOUT METABOLIC ACTIVATION
METHOD: OECD TEST GUIDELINE 479
RESULT: NEGATIVE
GLP: YES
GENOTOXICITY IN VIVO:
TEST TYPE: IN VIVO MICRONUCLEUS TEST
SPECIES: MOUSE
METHOD: OECD TEST GUIDELINE 474
RESULT: NEGATIVE
GLP: YES
2-ETHYLHEXANOIC ACID, SODIUM SALT:
GENOTOXICITY IN VITRO:
TEST TYPE: AMES TEST
TEST SYSTEM: SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM
METABOLIC ACTIVATION: WITH AND WITHOUT METABOLIC ACTIVATION
RESULT: NEGATIVE
REMARKS:
INFORMATION GIVEN IS BASED ON DATA OBTAINED FROM SIMILAR SUBSTANCES.
CARCINOGENICITY: NOT CLASSIFIED BASED ON AVAILABLE INFORMATION.
IARC:
NO COMPONENT OF THIS PRODUCT PRESENT AT LEVELS GREATER THAN OR EQUAL TO
0.1% IS IDENTIFIED AS PROBABLE, POSSIBLE OR CONFIRMED HUMAN CARCINOGEN BY
IARC.
OSHA:
NO COMPONENT OF THIS PRODUCT PRESENT AT LEVELS GREATER THAN OR EQUAL TO
0.1% IS ON OSHA'S LIST OF REGULATED CARCINOGENS.
NTP:
NO COMPONENT OF THIS PRODUCT PRESENT AT LEVELS GREATER THAN OR EQUAL TO
0.1% IS IDENTIFIED AS A KNOWN OR ANTICIPATED CARCINOGEN BY NTP.
REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY: MAY DAMAGE FERTILITY OR THE UNBORN CHILD.
COMPONENTS:
2-ETHYLHEXANOIC ACID, SODIUM SALT:
REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY - ASSESSMENT:
SOME EVIDENCE OF ADVERSE EFFECTS ON SEXUAL FUNCTION AND FERTILITY,
AND/OR ON DEVELOPMENT, BASED ON ANIMAL EXPERIMENTS.
DISODIUM TETRABORATE:
REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY - ASSESSMENT:
CLEAR EVIDENCE OF ADVERSE EFFECTS ON SEXUAL FUNCTION AND FERTILITY,
AND/OR ON DEVELOPMENT, BASED ON ANIMAL EXPERIMENTS
STOT - SINGLE EXPOSURE: NOT CLASSIFIED BASED ON AVAILABLE INFORMATION.
STOT - REPEATED EXPOSURE:
MAY CAUSE DAMAGE TO ORGANS (KIDNEY, LIVER) THROUGH PROLONGED OR REPEATED
EXPOSURE IF SWALLOWED.
COMPONENTS:
ETHYLENE GLYCOL:
EXPOSURE ROUTES: INGESTION
TARGET ORGANS: KIDNEY, LIVER
ASSESSMENT:
MAY CAUSE DAMAGE TO ORGANS THROUGH PROLONGED OR REPEATED EXPOSURE.
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL:
EXPOSURE ROUTES: INGESTION
TARGET ORGANS: KIDNEY
ASSESSMENT:
MAY CAUSE DAMAGE TO ORGANS THROUGH PROLONGED OR REPEATED EXPOSURE.
ASPIRATION TOXICITY: NOT CLASSIFIED BASED ON AVAILABLE INFORMATION.
EXPERIENCE WITH HUMAN EXPOSURE:
COMPONENTS:
ETHYLENE GLYCOL:
INGESTION:
TARGET ORGANS: KIDNEY
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL:
GENERAL INFORMATION:
LIVER
KIDNEY
FURTHER INFORMATION:
PRODUCT:
REMARKS: NO DATA AVAILABLE
| SECTION 12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION | |
ECOTOXICITY:
PRODUCT:
ECOTOXICOLOGY ASSESSMENT
SHORT-TERM (ACUTE) AQUATIC HAZARD:
NOT CLASSIFIED BASED ON AVAILABLE INFORMATION.
LONG-TERM (CHRONIC) AQUATIC HAZARD:
NOT CLASSIFIED BASED ON AVAILABLE INFORMATION.
COMPONENTS:
ETHYLENE GLYCOL:
TOXICITY TO FISH:
LC50 (LEPOMIS MACROCHIRUS (BLUEGILL SUNFISH)): 27,540 MG/L
EXPOSURE TIME: 96 H
TEST TYPE: STATIC TEST
LC50 (PIMEPHALES PROMELAS (FATHEAD MINNOW)): 8,050 MG/L
EXPOSURE TIME: 96 H
TOXICITY TO DAPHNIA AND OTHER AQUATIC INVERTEBRATES:
LC50 (DAPHNIA MAGNA (WATER FLEA)): >10,000 MG/L
EXPOSURE TIME: 48 H
TEST TYPE: STATIC TEST
TOXICITY TO ALGAE:
EC50 (PSEUDOKIRCHNERIELLA SUBCAPITATA (GREEN ALGAE)): 6,500 - 13,000 MG/L
END POINT: GROWTH INHIBITION
EXPOSURE TIME: 7 DAYS
TOXICITY TO FISH (CHRONIC TOXICITY):
NOEC (PIMEPHALES PROMELAS (FATHEAD MINNOW)): 32,000 MG/L
EXPOSURE TIME: 7 D
TOXICITY TO DAPHNIA AND OTHER AQUATIC INVERTEBRATES (CHRONIC TOXICITY):
NOEC (DAPHNIA MAGNA (WATER FLEA)): 24,000 MG/L
EXPOSURE TIME: 7 D
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL:
TOXICITY TO DAPHNIA AND OTHER AQUATIC INVERTEBRATES:
LC50 (DAPHNIA MAGNA (WATER FLEA)): >10,000 MG/L
EXPOSURE TIME: 24 H
TEST TYPE: STATIC TEST
METHOD: DIN 38412
2-ETHYLHEXANOIC ACID, SODIUM SALT:
TOXICITY TO FISH:
LC50 (ORYZIAS LATIPES (JAPANESE MEDAKA)): >100 MG/L
EXPOSURE TIME: 96 H
TEST TYPE: SEMI-STATIC TEST
METHOD: OECD TEST GUIDELINE 203
TOXICITY TO DAPHNIA AND OTHER AQUATIC INVERTEBRATES:
EC50 (DAPHNIA MAGNA (WATER FLEA)): 910 MG/L
EXPOSURE TIME: 48 H
METHOD: OECD TEST GUIDELINE 202
TOXICITY TO ALGAE:
EC50 (DESMODESMUS SUBSPICATUS (GREEN ALGAE)): 49.3 MG/L
END POINT: GROWTH INHIBITION
EXPOSURE TIME: 72 H
TEST TYPE: STATIC TEST
REMARKS:
INFORMATION GIVEN IS BASED ON DATA OBTAINED FROM SIMILAR SUBSTANCES.
DISODIUM TETRABORATE:
TOXICITY TO FISH:
LC50 (PIMEPHALES PROMELAS (FATHEAD MINNOW)): 79.7 MG/L
EXPOSURE TIME: 96 H
REMARKS: INFORMATION REFERS TO THE MAIN COMPONENT.
TOXICITY TO ALGAE:
NOEC (PSEUDOKIRCHNERIELLA SUBCAPITATA (GREEN ALGAE)): 17.5 MG/L
END POINT: GROWTH INHIBITION
EXPOSURE TIME: 72 H
TEST TYPE: STATIC TEST
METHOD: OECD TEST GUIDELINE 201
REMARKS: INFORMATION REFERS TO THE MAIN COMPONENT.
TOXICITY TO FISH (CHRONIC TOXICITY):
NOEC (DANIO RERIO (ZEBRA FISH)): 5.6 MG/L
EXPOSURE TIME: 34 D
TEST TYPE: SEMI-STATIC TEST
METHOD: OECD TEST GUIDELINE 210
REMARKS: INFORMATION REFERS TO THE MAIN COMPONENT.
PERSISTENCE AND DEGRADABILITY:
COMPONENTS:
ETHYLENE GLYCOL:
BIODEGRADABILITY:
RESULT: READILY BIODEGRADABLE.
BIODEGRADATION: 90 - 100 %
EXPOSURE TIME: 10 D
METHOD: OECD TEST GUIDELINE 301
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL:
BIODEGRADABILITY:
RESULT: READILY BIODEGRADABLE.
BIODEGRADATION: 70 - 80 %
EXPOSURE TIME: 28 D
METHOD: OECD TEST GUIDELINE 301B
2-ETHYLHEXANOIC ACID, SODIUM SALT:
BIODEGRADABILITY:
RESULT: READILY BIODEGRADABLE.
BIODEGRADATION: >70 %
EXPOSURE TIME: 28 D
METHOD: OECD TEST GUIDELINE 301E
REMARKS:
INFORMATION GIVEN IS BASED ON DATA OBTAINED FROM SIMILAR SUBSTANCES.
DISODIUM TETRABORATE:
BIODEGRADABILITY:
RESULT:
THE METHODS FOR DETERMINING BIODEGRADABILITY ARE NOT APPLICABLE TO
INORGANIC SUBSTANCES.
NO DATA AVAILABLE
BIOACCUMULATIVE POTENTIAL:
COMPONENTS:
ETHYLENE GLYCOL:
BIOACCUMULATION:
SPECIES: CRAYFISH (PROCAMBARUS)
BIOCONCENTRATION FACTOR (BCF): 0.27
EXPOSURE TIME: 61 D
CONCENTRATION: 1000 MG/L
METHOD: FLOW THROUGH
PARTITION COEFFICIENT N-OCTANOL/WATER:
LOG POW: -1.36
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL:
BIOACCUMULATION:
SPECIES: LEUCISCUS IDUS (GOLDEN ORFE)
BIOCONCENTRATION FACTOR (BCF): 100
PARTITION COEFFICIENT N-OCTANOL/WATER:
LOG POW: -1.47
2-ETHYLHEXANOIC ACID, SODIUM SALT:
PARTITION COEFFICIENT N-OCTANOL/WATER:
LOG POW: 1.3
NO DATA AVAILABLE
MOBILITY IN SOIL:
COMPONENTS: NO DATA AVAILABLE
OTHER ADVERSE EFFECTS: NO DATA AVAILABLE
PRODUCT:
ADDITIONAL ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION: NO DATA AVAILABLE
COMPONENTS:
| SECTION 13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS | |
DISPOSAL METHODS:
GENERAL ADVICE:
DO NOT DISPOSE OF WASTE INTO SEWER.
DO NOT CONTAMINATE PONDS, WATERWAYS OR DITCHES WITH CHEMICAL OR USED
CONTAINER.
SEND TO A LICENSED WASTE MANAGEMENT COMPANY.
DISPOSE OF IN ACCORDANCE WITH ALL APPLICABLE LOCAL, STATE AND FEDERAL
REGULATIONS.
CONTAMINATED PACKAGING:
EMPTY REMAINING CONTENTS.
DISPOSE OF AS UNUSED PRODUCT.
EMPTY CONTAINERS SHOULD BE TAKEN TO AN APPROVED WASTE HANDLING SITE FOR
RECYCLING OR DISPOSAL.
DO NOT RE-USE EMPTY CONTAINERS.
| SECTION 14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION | |
INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT REGULATIONS:
REGULATION:
ID NUMBER PROPER *HAZARD SUBSIDIARY PACKING MARINE POLLUTANT
SHIPPING CLASS HAZARDS GROUP / LTD. QTY.
NAME
U.S. DOT - ROAD: NOT DANGEROUS GOODS
CFR_RAIL_C: NOT DANGEROUS GOODS
U.S. DOT - INLAND WATERWAYS: NOT DANGEROUS GOODS
TDG_ROAD_C: NOT DANGEROUS GOODS
TDG_RAIL_C: NOT DANGEROUS GOODS
TDG_INWT_C: NOT DANGEROUS GOODS
INTERNATIONAL MARITIME DANGEROUS GOODS: NOT DANGEROUS GOODS
INTERNATIONAL AIR TRANSPORT ASSOCIATION - CARGO: NOT DANGEROUS GOODS
INTERNATIONAL AIR TRANSPORT ASSOCIATION - PASSENGER: NOT DANGEROUS GOODS
MX_DG: NOT DANGEROUS GOODS
*ORM = ORM-D
CBL = COMBUSTIBLE LIQUID
MARINE POLLUTANT NO
DANGEROUS GOODS DESCRIPTIONS (IF INDICATED ABOVE) MAY NOT REFLECT
QUANTITY, END-USE OR REGION-SPECIFIC EXCEPTIONS THAT CAN BE APPLIED.
CONSULT SHIPPING DOCUMENTS FOR DESCRIPTIONS THAT ARE SPECIFIC TO THE
SHIPMENT.
| SECTION 15. REGULATORY INFORMATION | |
EPCRA - EMERGENCY PLANNING AND COMMUNITY RIGHT-TO-KNOW ACT:
CERCLA REPORTABLE QUANTITY:
COMPONENTS CAS-NO. COMPONENT RQ (LBS) CALCULATED PRODUCT
RQ (LBS)
ETHYLENE GLYCOL 107-21-1 5000 5357
SARA 304 EXTREMELY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES REPORTABLE QUANTITY:
THIS MATERIAL DOES NOT CONTAIN ANY COMPONENTS WITH A SECTION 304 EHS RQ.
SARA 311/312 HAZARDS:
ACUTE TOXICITY (ANY ROUTE OF EXPOSURE)
REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY
SPECIFIC TARGET ORGAN TOXICITY (SINGLE OR REPEATED EXPOSURE)
CALIFORNIA PROP. 65:
WARNING: REPRODUCTIVE HARM - WWW.P65WARNINGS.CA.GOV.
THE COMPONENTS OF THIS PRODUCT ARE REPORTED IN THE FOLLOWING INVENTORIES:
DSL: ALL COMPONENTS OF THIS PRODUCT ARE ON THE CANADIAN DSL
AICS: ON THE INVENTORY, OR IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE INVENTORY
ENCS: NOT IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE INVENTORY
KECI: ON THE INVENTORY, OR IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE INVENTORY
PICCS: ON THE INVENTORY, OR IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE INVENTORY
IECSC: ON THE INVENTORY, OR IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE INVENTORY
NZIOC: NOT IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE INVENTORY
TCSI: ON THE INVENTORY, OR IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE INVENTORY
TSCA: ON TSCA INVENTORY
TSCA LIST:
NO SUBSTANCES ARE SUBJECT TO TSCA 12(B) EXPORT NOTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS.
INVENTORIES:
AICS (AUSTRALIA), DSL (CANADA), IECSC (CHINA), REACH (EUROPEAN UNION),
ENCS (JAPAN), ISHL (JAPAN), KECI (KOREA), NZIOC (NEW ZEALAND), PICCS
(PHILIPPINES), TCSI (TAIWAN), TSCA (USA)
| SECTION 16. OTHER INFORMATION | |
FURTHER INFORMATION:
REVISION DATE: 03/29/2019
NFPA:
HEALTH 1
FLAMMABILITY 1
INSTABILITY 0
SPECIAL HAZARD.
HMIS III:
HEALTH 1*
FLAMMABILITY 1
PHYSICAL HAZARD 0
0 = NOT SIGNIFICANT
1 = SLIGHT
2 = MODERATE
3 = HIGH
4 = EXTREME
* = CHRONIC
NFPA FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS CLASSIFICATION:
COMBUSTIBLE LIQUID CLASS IIIB
FULL TEXT OF H-STATEMENTS:
H302: HARMFUL IF SWALLOWED.
H360: MAY DAMAGE FERTILITY OR THE UNBORN CHILD.
H361: SUSPECTED OF DAMAGING FERTILITY OR THE UNBORN CHILD.
H373:
MAY CAUSE DAMAGE TO ORGANS THROUGH PROLONGED OR REPEATED EXPOSURE IF
SWALLOWED.
SOURCES OF KEY DATA USED TO COMPILE THE SAFETY DATA SHEET
VALVOLINE INTERNAL DATA INCLUDING OWN AND SPONSORED TEST REPORTS
THE UNECE ADMINISTERS REGIONAL AGREEMENTS IMPLEMENTING HARMONISED
CLASSIFICATION FOR LABELLING (GHS) AND TRANSPORT.
THE INFORMATION ACCUMULATED HEREIN IS BELIEVED TO BE ACCURATE BUT IS NOT
WARRANTED TO BE WHETHER ORIGINATING WITH THE COMPANY OR NOT. RECIPIENTS
ARE ADVISED TO CONFIRM IN ADVANCE OF NEED THAT THE INFORMATION IS CURRENT,
APPLICABLE, AND SUITABLE TO THEIR CIRCUMSTANCES. THIS SDS HAS BEEN
PREPARED BY VALVOLINE'S ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND SAFETY DEPARTMENT
(1-800-VALVOLINE).
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS THAT COULD BE, BUT NOT NECESSARILY ARE,
USED IN THIS SAFETY DATA SHEET:
ACGIH: AMERICAN CONFERENCE OF INDUSTRIAL HYGIENISTS
BEI: BIOLOGICAL EXPOSURE INDEX
CAS:
CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS SERVICE (DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY).
CMR: CARCINOGENIC, MUTAGENIC OR TOXIC FOR REPRODUCTION
FG: FOOD GRADE
GHS:
GLOBALLY HARMONIZED SYSTEM OF CLASSIFICATION AND LABELING OF CHEMICALS.
H-STATEMENT: HAZARD STATEMENT
IATA: INTERNATIONAL AIR TRANSPORT ASSOCIATION.
IATA-DGR:
DANGEROUS GOODS REGULATION BY THE "INTERNATIONAL AIR TRANSPORT
ASSOCIATION" (IATA).
ICAO: INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION
ICAO-TI (ICAO):
TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS BY THE "INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION"
IMDG: INTERNATIONAL MARITIME CODE FOR DANGEROUS GOODS
ISO: INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION
LOGPOW: OCTANOL-WATER PARTITION COEFFICIENT
LCXX: LETHAL CONCENTRATION, FOR XX PERCENT OF TEST POPULATION
LDXX: LETHAL DOSE, FOR XX PERCENT OF TEST POPULATION.
ICXX: INHIBITORY CONCENTRATION FOR XX OF A SUBSTANCE
ECXX: EFFECTIVE CONCENTRATION OF XX
N.O.S.: NOT OTHERWISE SPECIFIED
OECD: ORGANIZATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT
OEL: OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMIT
P-STATEMENT: PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENT
PBT: PERSISTENT , BIOACCUMULATIVE AND TOXIC
PPE: PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
STEL: SHORT-TERM EXPOSURE LIMIT
STOT: SPECIFIC TARGET ORGAN TOXICITY
TLV: THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUE
TWA: TIME-WEIGHTED AVERAGE
VPVB: VERY PERSISTENT AND VERY BIOACCUMULATIVE
WEL: WORKPLACE EXPOSURE LEVEL
CERCLA:
COMPREHENSIVE ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSE, COMPENSATION, AND LIABILITY ACT
DOT: DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
FIFRA: FEDERAL INSECTICIDE, FUNGICIDE, AND RODENTICIDE ACT
HMIRC: HAZARDOUS MATERIALS INFORMATION REVIEW COMMISSION
HMIS: HAZARDOUS MATERIALS IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM
NFPA: NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOCIATION
NIOSH: NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
OSHA: OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION
PMRA: HEALTH CANADA PEST MANAGEMENT REGULATORY AGENCY
RTK: RIGHT TO KNOW
WHMIS: WORKPLACE HAZARDOUS MATERIALS INFORMATION SYSTEM